This study investigated the influence that both native and exotic apex predators have on sympatric predators and prey in the GBMWHA. Both the fox and cat have been associated with processes which have caused the extinction of many of Australia's ground mammals and still threaten native species. Exotic predators are also having an impact on the Australian fauna. The role of apex predators is also acknowledged in Australia, with the dingo considered the country's top terrestrial predator. Apex predators are now acknowledged internationally as being vital in the maintenance of ecosystem function, often acting as keystone species through topdown pressure. To preserve these processes, and biodiversity, it is important to understand the critical elements of ecosystem function within the GBMWHA. Preservation of ongoing biological processes and the maintenance of the biodiversity of this area are key factors in the GBMWHA's World Heritage listing. The GBMWHA reserve system encompasses more than one million hectares and contains the largest declared wilderness area in New South Wales. The Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area (GBMWHA) was inscribed on the World Heritage list in 2000 for its natural values.
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